“Subsurface Science and Technology: American Energy and Mineral Dominance"

The House Science, Space, and Technology Committee's Subcommittee on Energy held a hearing on April 17, 2026, titled "Subsurface Science and Technology: American Energy and Mineral Dominance." The hearing focused on advancements in geothermal energy and critical mineral supply chains, emphasizing the role of subsurface science and technology in securing American energy independence and economic competitiveness. Witnesses from industry and academia discussed innovative drilling technologies, such as Quaise Energy's millimeter wave drilling for super hot geothermal resources, and the importance of federal investment in research, workforce development, and streamlined permitting to accelerate geothermal deployment. The Department of Energy's Critical Materials Innovation Hub highlighted progress in critical mineral extraction and recycling technologies. Members addressed challenges including regulatory hurdles, exploration data gaps, and the need for strategic prioritization of federal funding to support sustainable and secure domestic critical mineral supply chains. Several witnesses recommended increased fiscal year 2027 funding, including a $410 million request for the DOE geothermal office to support utility-scale demonstrations and deployment of next-generation geothermal systems.