Syria at a Crossroads: U.S. Policy Challenges Post-Assad

The House Foreign Affairs Committee Republicans held a hearing on February 11, 2026, titled "Syria at a Crossroads: U.S. Policy Challenges Post-Assad," focusing on the complex challenges facing Syria's transition under interim President Ahmed Al-Shara. The discussion centered on security issues, including the integration of Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) into the national military, protection of ethnic and religious minorities, justice and accountability for past atrocities, and the ongoing threat of ISIS. Witnesses highlighted concerns about violence against minorities such as the Kurds, Drews, Alawites, and Christians, and debated the effectiveness of recent agreements like the January 30th integration deal. The committee also examined the role of regional actors like Turkey and Russia, the impact of lifting the Caesar sanctions, and the importance of reopening the U.S. embassy in Damascus to improve diplomatic engagement and monitoring. Budget and procurement discussions touched on the need for stabilization and reconstruction funding, oversight of military and humanitarian assistance, and leveraging sanctions and diplomatic pressure to ensure compliance with U.S. conditions for support. Overall, the hearing underscored the fragile and multifaceted nature of Syria's political and security landscape and the critical role of sustained U.S. involvement to promote peace, inclusivity, and counterterrorism efforts.